Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Craniomaxillofacial Research 2345-5489 4 2 2017 07 22 352 359 EN Zeinab Kadkhoda Peridontology department, Dental faculty of Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. Sahar Chokami Rafiei Periodontology department, Dental faculty of Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. Bahman Derakhshan Department of oral maxillo & facial surgery dental school, Tehran university of medical sciences, international campus, Tehran, Iran. Meisam Mahmoudi Atrabi Dental student, Tehran university of medical sciences, international campus, dental school, Tehran, Iran. Ahad Khoshzaban Dental biomaterial department, Dental faculty of Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2017 07 16 2017 07 16 Objectives: Stem cells are the best cells that can be used for periodontal tissue regeneration in the treatment of periodontal disease. The aim of the present study was to compare the features of dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Materials and Methods: In this study, five samples from DF and five samples from PDL were collected from patients. Cells were subsequently expanded by three passages. Cells were evaluated then by inverted microscope and flow cytometry. (DFSCs) and (PDLSCs) were stained with markers (CD90, CD166, CD105, CD44, CD73, CD13, CD45, CD34, CD38, and CD31) and examined for as well as for osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Results: The DFSCs and PDLSCs expressed MSCs markers, as shown by flow cytometry. The cells were negative for CD45, CD34, CD38, CD31 markers but were positive for CD90, CD166, CD105, CD44, CD73, and CD13 markers. Cell attached to the flask macroscopically, and spindle cells attached to the inverted microscope. DFSCs and PDLSCs also differentiated into osteoblasts and adipocytes in osteogenic and adipogenic media. Conclusion: This study opens the way for further research of human dental follicle and periodontal cells. The present study found that stem cells derived from the PDL and DF express CD90, CD166, CD105, CD44, CD73, and CD13 markers, similar to mesenchymal stem cells. PDL and DF cells differentiated into osteoblasts and adipocytes in osteogenic and adipogenic media. Key words: Antigens, Mesenchymal stromal cells, Periodontal ligament. https://jcr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jcr/article/view/155 https://jcr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jcr/article/download/155/173