Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Craniomaxillofacial Research 2345-5489 7 2 2020 10 03 Hereditary factors of bruxism 59 66 Shamsoulmolouk Najafi Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Zahra Faraji Department of Oral and Dental Diseases, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hassan Roudgari Genomic Research Center, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Applied Medicine, School of Medicine, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill Health Campus, Aberdeen University, UK. 2020 05 15 2020 05 31 Background: Bruxism is a parafunctional disorder. The prevalence of this rhythmic activity of rodent muscles is reported to be about %8. This disease can compromise the life quality of a person’s general performance. The aim of this study is to gather information upon genetic factors, which contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Materials and Methods: All related articles published in 1966 onward from google scholar such as ISI, PubMed, Scopus and Ovid within the databases were searched using English keywords ‘Bruxism and Genetics’. 300 articles were found. 252 articles were removed due to content duplication and irrelevance. Results: The review of selected articles finally showed that in addition to other factors such as psychological factors, local factors, systemic factors, etc., the genetic factors also play a significant role in pathogenesis of bruxism. Among the influential genes are rs6313 polymorphism from the 5HT2A gene and rs6313 polymorphism from the HTR2A gene. Conclusion: Evidence suggests that genetic factors play an important role in the pathology and development of bruxism, however the main causing mechanism still largely remains unknown. Keywords: Genetic factors; Bruxism; Article review; Polymorphism. https://jcr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jcr/article/view/325 https://jcr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jcr/article/download/325/291