Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Craniomaxillofacial Research 2345-5489 8 1 2021 07 07 22 28 Soheila Manifar Department of Oral Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shamsolmoulouk Najafi Department of Oral Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Tehran, Iran; Department of Oral Medicine, International School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Tehran, Iran. Maryam Koopaie Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Tehran, Iran; Department of Oral Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Tehran, Iran. Abbas Tafakhori Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran. Diba Farmanbordar International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Tehran, Iran. 2020 09 06 2021 06 12 Introduction: Headache is a common problem with intense side effects on quality of life. Dental and maxillofacial problems, including dental infections and temporomandibular disorders may trigger the onset of headache or have direct impact on the intensity of headache. The purpose of this paper is assessment of oral health indexes in chronic headache patients and compare it with a healthy control group. Materials and Methods: Thirty chronic headache patients based on diagnosis by a neurologist were enrolled in our study and thirty healthy volunteers were recruited into the control group. Dental and periodontal examination were carried out in order to evaluate of the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index, the assessment of community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN) index and determination of tooth wear status and oral health status. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS statistical package (version 20, IBM). Results: Mean age, educational level, tooth brushing, using dental floss and DMFT index was not statistically different between chronic headache patients and control group. There was no statistically significant difference in CPITN index between cases and control group (p-value=0.538). Conclusion: This study suggest that chronic headache patients have an acceptable oral hygiene which may be attribute to their attempts to omit pain from head and oral region. Considering high prevalence of chronic headache, planning a protocol for oral hygiene instruction is necessary. In this regard, coordination between neurologists and oral medicine specialists can be very effective. Keywords: Oral health; Chronic headache; DMFT index; CPITN index. https://jcr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jcr/article/view/341 https://jcr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jcr/article/download/341/318