Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Craniomaxillofacial Research 2345-5489 11 1 2024 08 18 20 25 Naghmeh Bahrami Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Farzaneh Hosseini Department of Microbiology, School of Microbiology Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Mahsa Hajmali Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Abdolreza Mohamadnia Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mona Mohajeri Tehrani Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Masoume Farhangiyan Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2024 02 17 2024 04 10 Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a multifactorial disease that is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. MicroRNAs have been confirmed to play a role in oral squamous cell carcinoma, acting as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. This study examined the expression level and role of microR-148 and microR-375 in oral cancer. Materials and Methods: In this study, we used 30 cancer samples with infection and 30 cancer samples without infection. To analyze the expression of microRNA 375 and microRNA 148, we used real-time PCR. First, we extracted total RNA from the samples. Then, we generated cDNA from it. Finally, the obtained cDNA was used in the real-time PCR technique. Results: In cancer patients with oral infection, there was an increase in microRNA-148 expression and a decrease in microRNA-375 compared to cancer patients without oral infection. Conclusion: The downregulation of microRNA-375 and upregulation of microRNA-148 can be utilized as diagnostic biomarkers and prognostic factors in oral cancer. Keywords: Oral cancer; OSCC; Realtime pcr; MiR-148; MiR-375. https://jcr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jcr/article/view/491 https://jcr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jcr/article/download/491/402