The registry of congenital cleft lip and cleft palate in Iran: Three-years pilot results and learned lessons
-
Abbas Habibelahi
,
Naghmeh Bahrami
,
Farnoush Mohammadi
,
Sarvin Sarmadi
,
Mohammad Hosein Amirzade Iranaq
,
Masoume Farhangiyan
,
Mohammad Bayat
Abstract
Background: Cleft lip and cleft palate are the most common maxillofacial congenital defects leading to facial deformity and complications in nutrition, respiration, and social interaction. The current study aims to report early findings of the pilot registry for congenital cleft lip and cleft palate in Iran and discuss limitations and further goals to collect and implicate information of cleft newborn patients. Materials and Methods: A 3-year hospital-based multicenter prospective cohort study of the congenital cleft lip and cleft palate registry was performed in various hospitals in Iran from 2018 to 2020. Newborns with oral clefts were included, and the type of cleft, location, geographical place, and gender of each patient were recorded. The descriptive statistics were reported as means and percentages analyzed with fisher exact test using SPSS software ver. 22 (IBM, Chicago, US). The P-value<0.05 considered as significant. Results: From 336 registered newborns with cleft lip and cleft palate, 40.1% were females, while 59.9% were males. The prevalence of lip cleft was 31.5%, while 17.6% have palate cleft. Also, 50.9% suffer from both cleft lip and palate simultaneously (P-value<0.05). The frequent location of clefts were bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate with 50% of the cases (P-value<0.05). Also, 28.2% and 21.8% had right-side and left side unilateral cleft lip and cleft palate, respectively. Tabriz, Mashhad, Tehran were the most frequent location of clefts. Conclusion: Despite the primary statistics and trends presented in this study, the data quality could improve through some limited modifications. Also, the provinces with a high prevalence of congenital deformities need critical attention and provide adequate healthcare. Keywords: Cleft lip; Cleft palate; Congenital deformity; Epidemiology.
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3. Paranaíba LMR, Miranda RTd, Ribeiro LA, Barros LMd, Martelli-Júnior H. Frequency of congenital craniofacial malformations in a Brazilian Reference Center. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia. 2011;14:151-60.
4. Zandi M, Heidari A. An epidemiologic study of orofacial clefts in Hamedan City, Iran: a 15-year study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2011;48(4):483-9.
5. Sah RK, Powar R. Epidemiological Profile of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka: A Hospital Based Study. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2014;13(5):78-81.
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8. Nasreddine G, El Hajj J, Ghassibe-Sabbagh M. Orofacial clefts embryology, classification, epidemiology, and genetics. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res. 2021;787:108373.
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10. Kasimovskaya NA, Shatova EA. Congenital Cleft Lip and Palate in Children: Prevalence Rate in Russia and Worldwide, Risk Factors. Current Pediatrics. 2020;19(2):142-5.
11. Hlongwa P, Levin J, Rispel LC. Epidemiology and clinical profile of individuals with cleft lip and palate utilising specialised academic treatment centres in South Africa. PLoS One. 2019;14(5):e0215931.
12. Golalipour MJ, Mirfazeli A, Behnampour N. Birth prevalence of oral clefting in northern Iran. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2007;44(4):378-80.
13. Rajabian MH, Sherkat M. An epidemiologic study of oral clefts in Iran: analysis of 1,669 cases. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2000;37(2):191-6.
14. Yassaei S, Mehrgerdy Z, Zareshahi G. Prevalence of cleft lip and palate in births from 2003 - 2006 in Iran. Community Dent Health. 2010;27(2):118-21.
15. Sabbagh HJ, Mossey PA, Innes NP. Prevalence of orofacial clefts in Saudi Arabia and neighboring countries: A systematic review. Saudi Dent J. 2012;24(1):3-10.
16. JAMILIAN A, NAYERI F, BABAYAN B. PREVALENCE OF CLEFT LIP AND PALATE IN IMAM KHOMANI HOSPITAL BETWEEN 1998 TO 2005. 2009.
17. Namdar P, Etezadi T, Mousavi SJ, Maleknia A, Shiva A. Frequency of Cleft Lip with or Without Cleft Palate and Related Factors in a Group of Neonates in Three Hospitals in Sari, Iran, during 2004-2018. Journal of Mashhad Dental School. 2021;45(2):178-87.
18. Rajabian MH, Aghaei S. Cleft lip and palate in southwestern Iran: an epidemiologic study of live births. Ann Saudi Med. 2005;25(5):385-8.
19. Mossey PA, Modell B. Epidemiology of oral clefts 2012: an international perspective. Front Oral Biol. 2012;16:1-18.
20. Christensen K, Juel K, Herskind AM, Murray JC. Long term follow up study of survival associated with cleft lip and palate at birth. Bmj. 2004;328(7453):1405.
21. Murthy J. Management of cleft lip and palate in adults. Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery. 2009;42(S 01):S116-S22.
22. Butow K-W, Van Wyk PJ, Zwahlen RA. Differences in the clinical appearances of white versus black patients with facial cleft deformities: a retrospective study of a South African clinic: scientific. South African Dental Journal. 2007;62(7):298-304.
23. Eshete M, Gravenm PE, Topstad T, Befikadu S. The incidence of cleft lip and palate in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiopian medical journal. 2011;49(1):1-5.
24. Ittiwut R, Siriwan P, Suphapeetiporn K, Shotelersuk V. Epidemiology of cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Thais. Asian Biomedicine. 2017;10(4):335-8.
25. Kesande T, Muwazi LM, Bataringaya A, Rwenyonyi CM. Prevalence, pattern and perceptions of cleft lip and cleft palate among children born in two hospitals in Kisoro District, Uganda. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14(1):1-7.
26. Sarmiento K, Valencia S, Gracia G, Hurtado-Villa P, Zarante I. Clinical and Epidemiologic Description of Orofacial Clefts in Bogota and Cali, Colombia, 2001-2015. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2018;55(4):517-20.
27. Suleiman A, Hamzah S, Abusalab M, Samaan K. Prevalence of cleft lip and palate in a hospital‐based population in the Sudan. International journal of paediatric dentistry. 2005;15(3):185-9.
28. de Souza Freitas JA, Garib DG, Oliveira M, Lauris RdCMC, de Almeida ALPF, Neves LT, et al. Rehabilitative treatment of cleft lip and palate: experience of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies-USP (HRAC-USP)-Part 2: Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics. Journal of Applied Oral Science. 2012;20(2):272-85.
29. Cubitt JJ, Hodges AM, Van Lierde KM, Swan MC. Global variation in cleft palate repairs: an analysis of 352,191 primary cleft repairs in low-to higher-middle-income countries. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. 2014;51(5):553-6.
30. Olasoji H, Hassan A, Ligali T. Challenges of cleft care in Africa. African journal of medicine and medical sciences. 2009;38(4):303-10.
31. Sharif-Alhoseini M, Zafarghandi M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Heidari Z, Naghdi K, Bahrami S, et al. National trauma registry of Iran: a pilot phase at a major trauma center in Tehran. Archives of Iranian medicine. 2019;22(6):286-92.
2. Wyszynski DF. Cleft lip and palate: from origin to treatment: Oxford university press; 2002.
3. Paranaíba LMR, Miranda RTd, Ribeiro LA, Barros LMd, Martelli-Júnior H. Frequency of congenital craniofacial malformations in a Brazilian Reference Center. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia. 2011;14:151-60.
4. Zandi M, Heidari A. An epidemiologic study of orofacial clefts in Hamedan City, Iran: a 15-year study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2011;48(4):483-9.
5. Sah RK, Powar R. Epidemiological Profile of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka: A Hospital Based Study. IOSR J Dent Med Sci. 2014;13(5):78-81.
6. Monlleo IL, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL. [Craniofacial anomalies: description and evaluation of treatment under the Brazilian Unified Health System]. Cad Saude Publica. 2006;22(5):913-22.
7. Guneren E, Canter HI, Yildiz K, Kayan RB, Ozpur MA, Baygol EG, et al. One-Stage Cleft Lip and Palate Repair in an Older Population. J Craniofac Surg. 2015;26(5):e426-30.
8. Nasreddine G, El Hajj J, Ghassibe-Sabbagh M. Orofacial clefts embryology, classification, epidemiology, and genetics. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res. 2021;787:108373.
9. Vyas T, Gupta P, Kumar S, Gupta R, Gupta T, Singh HP. Cleft of lip and palate: A review. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9(6):2621-5.
10. Kasimovskaya NA, Shatova EA. Congenital Cleft Lip and Palate in Children: Prevalence Rate in Russia and Worldwide, Risk Factors. Current Pediatrics. 2020;19(2):142-5.
11. Hlongwa P, Levin J, Rispel LC. Epidemiology and clinical profile of individuals with cleft lip and palate utilising specialised academic treatment centres in South Africa. PLoS One. 2019;14(5):e0215931.
12. Golalipour MJ, Mirfazeli A, Behnampour N. Birth prevalence of oral clefting in northern Iran. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2007;44(4):378-80.
13. Rajabian MH, Sherkat M. An epidemiologic study of oral clefts in Iran: analysis of 1,669 cases. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2000;37(2):191-6.
14. Yassaei S, Mehrgerdy Z, Zareshahi G. Prevalence of cleft lip and palate in births from 2003 - 2006 in Iran. Community Dent Health. 2010;27(2):118-21.
15. Sabbagh HJ, Mossey PA, Innes NP. Prevalence of orofacial clefts in Saudi Arabia and neighboring countries: A systematic review. Saudi Dent J. 2012;24(1):3-10.
16. JAMILIAN A, NAYERI F, BABAYAN B. PREVALENCE OF CLEFT LIP AND PALATE IN IMAM KHOMANI HOSPITAL BETWEEN 1998 TO 2005. 2009.
17. Namdar P, Etezadi T, Mousavi SJ, Maleknia A, Shiva A. Frequency of Cleft Lip with or Without Cleft Palate and Related Factors in a Group of Neonates in Three Hospitals in Sari, Iran, during 2004-2018. Journal of Mashhad Dental School. 2021;45(2):178-87.
18. Rajabian MH, Aghaei S. Cleft lip and palate in southwestern Iran: an epidemiologic study of live births. Ann Saudi Med. 2005;25(5):385-8.
19. Mossey PA, Modell B. Epidemiology of oral clefts 2012: an international perspective. Front Oral Biol. 2012;16:1-18.
20. Christensen K, Juel K, Herskind AM, Murray JC. Long term follow up study of survival associated with cleft lip and palate at birth. Bmj. 2004;328(7453):1405.
21. Murthy J. Management of cleft lip and palate in adults. Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery. 2009;42(S 01):S116-S22.
22. Butow K-W, Van Wyk PJ, Zwahlen RA. Differences in the clinical appearances of white versus black patients with facial cleft deformities: a retrospective study of a South African clinic: scientific. South African Dental Journal. 2007;62(7):298-304.
23. Eshete M, Gravenm PE, Topstad T, Befikadu S. The incidence of cleft lip and palate in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiopian medical journal. 2011;49(1):1-5.
24. Ittiwut R, Siriwan P, Suphapeetiporn K, Shotelersuk V. Epidemiology of cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Thais. Asian Biomedicine. 2017;10(4):335-8.
25. Kesande T, Muwazi LM, Bataringaya A, Rwenyonyi CM. Prevalence, pattern and perceptions of cleft lip and cleft palate among children born in two hospitals in Kisoro District, Uganda. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14(1):1-7.
26. Sarmiento K, Valencia S, Gracia G, Hurtado-Villa P, Zarante I. Clinical and Epidemiologic Description of Orofacial Clefts in Bogota and Cali, Colombia, 2001-2015. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2018;55(4):517-20.
27. Suleiman A, Hamzah S, Abusalab M, Samaan K. Prevalence of cleft lip and palate in a hospital‐based population in the Sudan. International journal of paediatric dentistry. 2005;15(3):185-9.
28. de Souza Freitas JA, Garib DG, Oliveira M, Lauris RdCMC, de Almeida ALPF, Neves LT, et al. Rehabilitative treatment of cleft lip and palate: experience of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies-USP (HRAC-USP)-Part 2: Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics. Journal of Applied Oral Science. 2012;20(2):272-85.
29. Cubitt JJ, Hodges AM, Van Lierde KM, Swan MC. Global variation in cleft palate repairs: an analysis of 352,191 primary cleft repairs in low-to higher-middle-income countries. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. 2014;51(5):553-6.
30. Olasoji H, Hassan A, Ligali T. Challenges of cleft care in Africa. African journal of medicine and medical sciences. 2009;38(4):303-10.
31. Sharif-Alhoseini M, Zafarghandi M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Heidari Z, Naghdi K, Bahrami S, et al. National trauma registry of Iran: a pilot phase at a major trauma center in Tehran. Archives of Iranian medicine. 2019;22(6):286-92.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 8, No 3 (Summer 2021) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jcr.v8i3.8837 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Cleft lip Cleft palate Congenital deformity Epidemiology | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Habibelahi A, Bahrami N, Mohammadi F, Sarmadi S, Amirzade Iranaq MH, Farhangiyan M, Bayat M. The registry of congenital cleft lip and cleft palate in Iran: Three-years pilot results and learned lessons. J Craniomaxillofac Res. 2022;8(3):116-121.
