Effect of motivational interviewing on oral and dental health of adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances
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Abstract
Introduction: Orthodontic appliances increase the risk of dental caries and gum disease. Since it is rather difficult to maintain oral hygiene in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances due to the presence of brackets, bands, and arch wires, they should be persuaded to take care of their oral cavity. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an oral and dental health educational intervention using motivational interviewing in adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: Thirty adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances aged 12-16 years presenting to orthodontics departments of school of dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, received individual counselling, verbal guidelines, and training for correct brushing and flossing techniques by a senior student of dentistry during a 20-minute motivational interview. To evaluate the effect of the intervention, oral health behaviors including brushing, flossing, and consumption of sugary snacks were collected in a self-report manner. Moreover, plaque and gingival indexes were measured before and one-month post intervention. The SPSS software version 23 was used for data analysis. Results: Among oral health behaviors, optimal frequency of brushing increased after the intervention (p=0.002). The mean plaque index was 0.99±0.43 before and 0.37±0.16 after the intervention, indicating a significant difference (p<0.001). Moreover, the mean gingival index (average inflammation) was 0.99±0.56 before the intervention, which improved to 0.30±0.20 after the intervention (p<0.001). Conclusion: Educational intervention based on motivational interviewing reduced dental plaques and gingival inflammation and increased the frequency of brushing in the short term among adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances.
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10- Löe H. The gingival index, the plaque index and the retention index systems. J Clin Periodontol 1967; 38(6): 610-6.
11- Rigau-Gay M-M, Claver-Garrido E, Benet M, Lusilla-Palacios P, Ustrell-Torrent J-M. Effectiveness of motivational interviewing to improve oral hygiene in orthodontic patients: A randomized controlled trial. J Health Psychol. 2018: 135-60.
12- Ay ZY, Sayın M, Özat Y, Goster T, Atilla AO, Bozkurt FY. Appropriate oral hygiene motivation method for patients with fixed appliances. Angle Orthod. 2007; 77(6):1085-9.
13- D'Cruz A, Aradhya S. Impact of oral health education on oral hygiene knowledge, practices, plaque control and gingival health of 13‐to 15‐year‐old school children in Bangalore city. Int J Dent Hyg. 2013; 11(2): 12.
14- Worthington HV, Hill KB, Mooney J, Hamilton FA, Blinkhorn AS. A cluster randomized controlled trial of a dental health education program for 10‐year‐old children. J Public Health Dent. 2001; 61(1): 22-7.
15- Williford JW, Muhler JC, Stookey GK. Study demonstrating improved oral health through education. JADA. 1967; 75(4): 896-902.
16- Schou L. Active‐involvement principle in dental health education. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1985; 13(3): 128-32.
17- Kamalikhah T, Mazllomi Mahmood abad S, Khalighinejad N, Rahmati‐Najarkolaei F. Dental flossing behaviour and its determinants among students in a suburb area of Tehran–Iran: using Transtheoretical Model. Int J Dent Hyg. 2017; 15(2): 106-12.
2- Baricevic M, Mravak‐Stipetic M, Majstorovic M, Baranovic M, Baricevic D, Loncar B. Oral mucosal lesions during orthodontic treatment. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2011; 21(2): 96-102.
3- Tanner ACR, Sonis AL, Lif Holgerson P, Starr JR, Nunez Y, Kressirer CA, Paster BJ, Johansson I. White-spot Lesions and Gingivitis Microbiotas in Orthodontic Patients. J Dent Res. 2012; 91: 853–858. doi: 10.1177/0022034512455031
4- Lalic M, Aleksic E, Gajic M, Milic J, Malesevic D. Does oral health counseling effectively improve oral hygiene of orthodontic patients? Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2012; 13(3): 181-6.
5- Burke BL, Arkowitz H, Menchola M. The efficacy of motivational interviewing: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003; 71(5): 843.
6- Miller WR, Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing, Second Edition: Preparing People for Change: Guilford Publications; 2002.
7- Gillam DG, Yusuf H. Brief Motivational Interviewing in Dental Practice. Dent J (Basel). 2019; 7(2): 51.
8- Malek Mohammadi T, Hajizamani A, Bozorgmehr E. Improving oral health status of preschool children using motivational interviewing method. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2015; 12(5): 476–81.
9- Huang J, Yao Y, Jiang J, Li C. Effects of motivational methods on oral hygiene of orthodontic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Med (Baltimore). 2018: 97: e13182. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000013182
10- Löe H. The gingival index, the plaque index and the retention index systems. J Clin Periodontol 1967; 38(6): 610-6.
11- Rigau-Gay M-M, Claver-Garrido E, Benet M, Lusilla-Palacios P, Ustrell-Torrent J-M. Effectiveness of motivational interviewing to improve oral hygiene in orthodontic patients: A randomized controlled trial. J Health Psychol. 2018: 135-60.
12- Ay ZY, Sayın M, Özat Y, Goster T, Atilla AO, Bozkurt FY. Appropriate oral hygiene motivation method for patients with fixed appliances. Angle Orthod. 2007; 77(6):1085-9.
13- D'Cruz A, Aradhya S. Impact of oral health education on oral hygiene knowledge, practices, plaque control and gingival health of 13‐to 15‐year‐old school children in Bangalore city. Int J Dent Hyg. 2013; 11(2): 12.
14- Worthington HV, Hill KB, Mooney J, Hamilton FA, Blinkhorn AS. A cluster randomized controlled trial of a dental health education program for 10‐year‐old children. J Public Health Dent. 2001; 61(1): 22-7.
15- Williford JW, Muhler JC, Stookey GK. Study demonstrating improved oral health through education. JADA. 1967; 75(4): 896-902.
16- Schou L. Active‐involvement principle in dental health education. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1985; 13(3): 128-32.
17- Kamalikhah T, Mazllomi Mahmood abad S, Khalighinejad N, Rahmati‐Najarkolaei F. Dental flossing behaviour and its determinants among students in a suburb area of Tehran–Iran: using Transtheoretical Model. Int J Dent Hyg. 2017; 15(2): 106-12.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 9, No 2 (Spring 2022) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/jcr.v9i2.11739 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Adolescent Behavioral sciences Fixed orthodontic appliances Motivational interviewing Oral health | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Ziari S, Gholami M, Sarmadi S. Effect of motivational interviewing on oral and dental health of adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances. J Craniomaxillofac Res. 2022;9(2):86-93.
