Comparative Study of Angiotensin Convertase Enzyme (ACE2) Gene Expression in Patients with Covid-19 By Molecular Method
-
Behrooz Farzanegan
,
Naghmeh Bahrami
,
Mohammad Fathi
,
Saba Tahmasebi
,
Mehdi Kazem Pour Dizaji
,
Shadi Shafaghi
,
Farnaz Ahmadi
,
Farnoush Mohammadi
,
Seyedeh Zahra Fotook Kiaei
,
Mona Mohajeri Tehrani
,
Masoume Farhangiyan
,
Abdolreza Mohamadnia
Abstract
Introduction: The Covid 19 illness is triggered by a coronavirus known as SARS CoV-2. This particular virus spreads rapidly likely because of the Spike proteins affinity, to the human ACE2 cell receptor causing harm to organs, like the lungs in type 2 pneumocytes that abundantly express this receptor. Materials and Methods: The research methodology used in this study involved a case control approach. Patients were referred by a specialist following diagnosis. A total of 50 samples, from infectious cases and 50 samples from cases, with mild symptoms were analyzed for statistical purposes. The ACE2 gene expression was assessed using the Realtime RCR method after RNA extraction. Results: The findings indicate that the average age does not have an impact on individuals experiencing mild symptoms. Moreover, there is a decrease in the expression of ACE2 genes in the blood of patients with severe symptoms hospitalized in intensive care units as compared to those, with mild symptoms, highlighting a substantial disparity. Conclusion: The numerical value of fold change for ACE2 gene in severe type patients shows a decrease compared to mild patients and it is 2.11 times lower in severe type patients than mild type.Keywords: COVID-19; ACE2; Realtime RCR.
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2. Karimi R, Mohamadnia A, Hosseini F, Bahrami N, Jamaati H. Evaluation of Chemokines and Cytokines as Biomarkers for Disease Severity in COVID-19-Infected Patients. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology. 2024;17(1).
3. Lu H, Stratton CW, Tang YW. Outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China: The mystery and the miracle. Journal of medical virology. 2020;92(4):401.
4. Hui DS, Ei Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, et al. The continuing epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health-the latest novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhang, China. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1920;91.
5. Kazempour Dizaji M, Jamaati H, Bahrami N, Farzanegan B, Rekabi M, Mokhber Dezfuli M, et al. Effect of Cytokines Gene Expression and Serum Level of Vitamin D on the Severity of COVID-19. Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2022;16(5):412-9.
6. Alwine JC, Casadevall A, Enquist LW, Goodrum FD, Imperiale MJ. A critical analysis of the evidence for the SARS-CoV-2 origin hypotheses. Am Soc Microbiol; 2023. p. e00365-23.
7. Paikar S, Bahrami N, Tabatabai RR, Mohamadnia A. IP-10, MIP1α, IL-6, and IL-1β as biomarkers associated with disease severity of COVID-19. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology. 2024;17(5).
8. Parry J. China coronavirus: cases surge as official admits human to human transmission. British Medical Journal Publishing Group; 2020.
9. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England journal of medicine. 2020;382(8):727-33.
10. Shams Nateri ME, Bagherzadegan A, Mozafari M. Examining Criminal Behaviour Resulting from the Transmission of Coronavirus. Religious Anthroplogy. 2022;19(47):245-64.
11. Song W, Gui M, Wang X, Xiang Y. Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2. PLoS pathogens. 2018;14(8):e1007236.
12. Floriańczyk B, editor Structure and diagnostic value of procalcitonin. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska Sectio D: Medicina; 2003.
13. Cao Y, Li L, Feng Z, Wan S, Huang P, Sun X, et al. Comparative genetic analysis of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2) receptor ACE2 in different populations. Cell discovery. 2020;6(1):1-4.
14. Lucas JM, Heinlein C, Kim T, Hernandez SA, Malik MS, True LD, et al. The androgen-regulated protease TMPRSS2 activates a proteolytic cascade involving components of the tumor microenvironment and promotes prostate cancer metastasis. Cancer discovery. 2014;4(11):1310-25.
15. Ziegler CG, Allon SJ, Nyquist SK, Mbano IM, Miao VN, Tzouanas CN, et al. SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is an interferon-stimulated gene in human airway epithelial cells and is detected in specific cell subsets across tissues. Cell. 2020;181(5):1016-35. e19.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 11, No 3 (Summer 2024) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| COVID-19; ACE2; Realtime RCR. | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Farzanegan B, Bahrami N, Fathi M, Tahmasebi S, Pour Dizaji MK, Shafaghi S, Ahmadi F, Mohammadi F, Fotook Kiaei SZ, Mohajeri Tehrani M, Farhangiyan M, Mohamadnia A. Comparative Study of Angiotensin Convertase Enzyme (ACE2) Gene Expression in Patients with Covid-19 By Molecular Method. J Craniomaxillofac Res. 2024;11(3):155-159.
