The Frequency of Intraosseous Lesions of Jaws of Patients Referred to the Pathologic Centers of Zanjan from 2013 to 2024
,
Abstract
Introduction: The jaw bones are susceptible to a variety of lesions. Understanding the prevalence and distribution of these lesions is crucial for informing preventative strategies within healthcare settings. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intraosseous jaw lesions in a population referred to diagnostic and therapeutic centers in Zanjan, Iran, between 2013 and 2024. Materials and Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive analytical design. This cross-sectional study, conducted in Zanjan in 2023, utilized structured data sheets to collect information on patients with intraosseous lesions. The collected data included demographic details (age, gender), lesion location, radiographic characteristics, and histopathological diagnosis. We applied Chi-square and Monte Carlo tests for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 325 intraosseous lesions were reported in our study. A total of 214 intraosseous lesions were reported in this study. The most common group of lesions was inflammatory periapical lesions (49.5%), and the most common lesion was radicular cyst (26.6%). The mandible was the most common site of involvement (51.9%), and the most common clinical presentation was asymptomatic (83.2%). In both jaws, the most common group of lesions was inflammatory periapical lesions (61.2% in the maxilla and 38.7% in the mandible). No significant differences were observed in the distribution of lesion frequency based on gender or age group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study contributes valuable data on the prevalence and distribution of intraosseous lesions within an Iranian population. These findings establish baseline information that can inform the development and implementation of preventative therapeutic protocols within healthcare facilities at the community level. Keywords: Jaw; Odontogenic cyst; Bone lesions; Periapical granuloma; Radicular cyst.
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2. Osterne RLV, de Matos Brito RG, Alves APNN, Cavalcante RB, Sousa FB. Odontogenic tumors: a 5-year retrospective study in a Brazilian population and analysis of 3406 cases reported in the literature. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2011;111(4):474-81.
3. Saghravanian N, Jafarzadeh H, Bashardoost N, Pahlavan N, Shirinbak I. Odontogenic tumors in an Iranian population: a 30-year evaluation. J Oral Sci. 2010;52(3):391-6.
4. Jones A, Franklin C. An analysis of oral and maxillofacial pathology found in children over a 30‐year period. IJOCPD. 2006;16(1):19-30.
5. Johnson NR, Savage NW, Kazoullis S, Batstone MD. A prospective epidemiological study for odontogenic and non-odontogenic lesions of the maxilla and mandible in Queensland. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. 2013;115(4):515-22.
6. Jamshidi S, Shojaei S, Roshanaei G, Modabbernia S, Bakhtiary E. Jaw intraosseous lesions biopsied extracted from 1998 to 2010 in an Iranian population. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal. 2015;17(6).
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8. Damm DD, Bouquot JE, Neville B, Allen C. Oral and maxillofacial pathology. Chap. 2002;1:66.
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11. Ochsenius G, Ortega A, Godoy L, Peñafiel C, Escobar E. Odontogenic tumors in Chile: a study of 362 cases. Journal of oral pathology & medicine. 2002;31(7):415-20.
12. Soluk-Tekkesin M, Cakarer S, Aksakalli N, Alatli C, Olgac V. New World Health Organization classification of odontogenic tumours: impact on the prevalence of odontogenic tumours and analysis of 1231 cases from Turkey.BJOMS. 2020;58(8):1017-22.
13. Kreidler JF, Raubenheimer EJ, van Heerden WF. A retrospective analysis of 367 cystic lesions of the jaw—the Ulm experience. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 1993;21(8):339-41.
14. Del Corso G, Righi A, Bombardi M, Rossi B, Dallera V, Pelliccioni G, et al. Jaw cysts diagnosed in an Italian population over a 20-year period. International journal of surgical pathology. 2014;22(8):699-706.
15. Muzio LL, Mascitti M, Santarelli A, Rubini C, Bambini F, Procaccini M, et al. Cystic lesions of the jaws: a retrospective clinicopathologic study of 2030 cases. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. 2017;124(2):128-38.
16. da Silva L-P, de Souza L-B. Epidemiologic study of odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts in children and adolescents of a Brazilian population. Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal. 2018;23(1):e49.
17. Tamiolakis P, Thermos G, Tosios KI, Sklavounou-Andrikopoulou A. Demographic and clinical characteristics of 5294 jaw cysts: a retrospective study of 38 years. Head and neck pathology. 2019;13(4):587-96.
18. Adebayo ET, Ajike SO, Adekeye EO. A review of 318 odontogenic tumors in Kaduna, Nigeria. JOMS. 2005;63(6):811-9.
19. Jing W, Xuan M, Lin Y, Wu L, Liu L, Zheng X, et al. Odontogenic tumours: a retrospective study of 1642 cases in a Chinese population. IJOMS. 2007;36(1):20-5.
20. Mascitti M, Togni L, Troiano G, Caponio VCA, Sabatucci A, Balercia A, et al. Odontogenic tumours: a 25-year epidemiological study in the Marche region of Italy. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. 2020;277:527-38.
21. Silveira FM, Soares Macedo CC, Vieira Borges CM, Mauramo M, Uchoa Vasconcelos AC, Soares AB, et al. Odontogenic tumors: An 11‐year international multicenter study. 2020.
22. Saxena S, Kumar S, Pundir S. Pediatric jaw tumors: Our experience. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial pathology. 2012;16(1):27-30.
23. Urs AB, Arora S, Singh H. Intra-osseous jaw lesions in paediatric patients: a retrospective study. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR. 2014;8(3):216.
24. Sharma P, Kocher V, Soni K, Ghosh R, Garg B, Kumar S. Incidence and prevalence of head and neck pathological spectrum in a pediatric population. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2020;31(4):e394-e7.
25. Daley TD, Wysocki GP, Pringle GA. Relative incidence of odontogenic tumors and oral and jaw cysts in a Canadian population. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology. 1994;77(3):276-80.
26. Ali MA. Biopsied jaw lesions in Kuwait: a six-year retrospective analysis. Medical Principles and Practice. 2011;20(6):550-5.
27. Silva K, Alves A, Correa M, Etges A, Vasconcelos A-C, Gomes A-P, Tarquinio S. Retrospective analysis of jaw biopsies in young adults. A study of 1599 cases in Southern Brazil. Medicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal. 2017;22(6):e702.
28. Monteiro L, Santiago C, Do Amaral B, Al-Mossallami A, Albuquerque R, Lopes C. An observational retrospective study of odontogenic cyst s and tumours over an 18-year period in a Portuguese population according to the new WHO Head and Neck Tumour classification. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia Bucal. 2021;26(4):e482.
29. Silva LP, Serpa MS, Sobral APV, Arruda JAA, Silva LVO, Noronha MS, et al. A retrospective multicentre study of cystic lesions and odontogenic tumours in older people. Gerodontology. 2018;35(4):325-32.
30. Dhanuthai K, Chiramanaphan K, Tevavichulada V, Tangwongwarachai S, Chantarangsu S. Intraosseous jaw lesions: A 25-year experience. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2022;26(4):595.
31. Araujo JP, Lemos CA, Miniello TG, Alves FA. The relevance of clinical and radiographic features of jaw lesions: A prospective study. Brazilian oral research. 2016;30:e96.
32. Dehghanzadeh A, Aminzadeh A, Khodarahmi MJ, Shafazand MH. Prevalence and Clinical Features of Biopsied Jaw Lesions in an Iranian Population Patient in During a Period of 7 Years. JIDS. 2022.
33. Tandon P, Shah S, Dadhich A, Saluja H, Chauhan H. Incidence and distribution of jaw pathologies among 0–15 years age group at a tertiary rural health-care center of Maharashtra: A retrospective study of 10 years. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2020;11(1):39-45.
34. Razavi SM, Ansari M, Khalesi S. A 25-year retrospective epidemiological study of intra-osseous lesions of jaw bones in Isfahan population, Iran. Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology. 2019;8(2):68-73.
35. Koseoglu BG, Atalay B, Erdem MA. Odontogenic cysts: a clinical study of 90 cases. J Oral Science. 2004;46(4):253-7.
36. Acikgoz A, Uzun-Bulut E, Ozden B, Gunduz K. Prevalence and distribution of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts in a Turkish population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012;17(1):e108-15.
37. Tortorici S, Amodio E, Massenti MF, Buzzanca ML, Burruano F, Vitale F. Prevalence and distribution of odontogenic cysts in Sicily: 1986-2005. J Oral Sci. 2008;50(1):15-8.
38. Deyhimi P, Khalesi S, Arefkhani E. Comparative study of the prevalence of radicular cysts and periapical granulomas in young and elderly adult patients referred to Isfahan dental school. JDM. 2021;34:46-54.
2. Osterne RLV, de Matos Brito RG, Alves APNN, Cavalcante RB, Sousa FB. Odontogenic tumors: a 5-year retrospective study in a Brazilian population and analysis of 3406 cases reported in the literature. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2011;111(4):474-81.
3. Saghravanian N, Jafarzadeh H, Bashardoost N, Pahlavan N, Shirinbak I. Odontogenic tumors in an Iranian population: a 30-year evaluation. J Oral Sci. 2010;52(3):391-6.
4. Jones A, Franklin C. An analysis of oral and maxillofacial pathology found in children over a 30‐year period. IJOCPD. 2006;16(1):19-30.
5. Johnson NR, Savage NW, Kazoullis S, Batstone MD. A prospective epidemiological study for odontogenic and non-odontogenic lesions of the maxilla and mandible in Queensland. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. 2013;115(4):515-22.
6. Jamshidi S, Shojaei S, Roshanaei G, Modabbernia S, Bakhtiary E. Jaw intraosseous lesions biopsied extracted from 1998 to 2010 in an Iranian population. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal. 2015;17(6).
7. Jones A, Craig G, Franklin C. Range and demographics of odontogenic cysts diagnosed in a UK population over a 30‐year period. Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine. 2006;35(8):500-7.
8. Damm DD, Bouquot JE, Neville B, Allen C. Oral and maxillofacial pathology. Chap. 2002;1:66.
9. Speight PM, Takata T. New tumour entities in the 4th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck tumours: odontogenic and maxillofacial bone tumours. Virchows Archiv. 2018;472:331-9.
10. El-Naggar AK, Chan JK, Rubin Grandis J, Slootweg PJ. WHO classification of head and neck tumours. (No Title). 2017.
11. Ochsenius G, Ortega A, Godoy L, Peñafiel C, Escobar E. Odontogenic tumors in Chile: a study of 362 cases. Journal of oral pathology & medicine. 2002;31(7):415-20.
12. Soluk-Tekkesin M, Cakarer S, Aksakalli N, Alatli C, Olgac V. New World Health Organization classification of odontogenic tumours: impact on the prevalence of odontogenic tumours and analysis of 1231 cases from Turkey.BJOMS. 2020;58(8):1017-22.
13. Kreidler JF, Raubenheimer EJ, van Heerden WF. A retrospective analysis of 367 cystic lesions of the jaw—the Ulm experience. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 1993;21(8):339-41.
14. Del Corso G, Righi A, Bombardi M, Rossi B, Dallera V, Pelliccioni G, et al. Jaw cysts diagnosed in an Italian population over a 20-year period. International journal of surgical pathology. 2014;22(8):699-706.
15. Muzio LL, Mascitti M, Santarelli A, Rubini C, Bambini F, Procaccini M, et al. Cystic lesions of the jaws: a retrospective clinicopathologic study of 2030 cases. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. 2017;124(2):128-38.
16. da Silva L-P, de Souza L-B. Epidemiologic study of odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts in children and adolescents of a Brazilian population. Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal. 2018;23(1):e49.
17. Tamiolakis P, Thermos G, Tosios KI, Sklavounou-Andrikopoulou A. Demographic and clinical characteristics of 5294 jaw cysts: a retrospective study of 38 years. Head and neck pathology. 2019;13(4):587-96.
18. Adebayo ET, Ajike SO, Adekeye EO. A review of 318 odontogenic tumors in Kaduna, Nigeria. JOMS. 2005;63(6):811-9.
19. Jing W, Xuan M, Lin Y, Wu L, Liu L, Zheng X, et al. Odontogenic tumours: a retrospective study of 1642 cases in a Chinese population. IJOMS. 2007;36(1):20-5.
20. Mascitti M, Togni L, Troiano G, Caponio VCA, Sabatucci A, Balercia A, et al. Odontogenic tumours: a 25-year epidemiological study in the Marche region of Italy. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. 2020;277:527-38.
21. Silveira FM, Soares Macedo CC, Vieira Borges CM, Mauramo M, Uchoa Vasconcelos AC, Soares AB, et al. Odontogenic tumors: An 11‐year international multicenter study. 2020.
22. Saxena S, Kumar S, Pundir S. Pediatric jaw tumors: Our experience. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial pathology. 2012;16(1):27-30.
23. Urs AB, Arora S, Singh H. Intra-osseous jaw lesions in paediatric patients: a retrospective study. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR. 2014;8(3):216.
24. Sharma P, Kocher V, Soni K, Ghosh R, Garg B, Kumar S. Incidence and prevalence of head and neck pathological spectrum in a pediatric population. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2020;31(4):e394-e7.
25. Daley TD, Wysocki GP, Pringle GA. Relative incidence of odontogenic tumors and oral and jaw cysts in a Canadian population. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology. 1994;77(3):276-80.
26. Ali MA. Biopsied jaw lesions in Kuwait: a six-year retrospective analysis. Medical Principles and Practice. 2011;20(6):550-5.
27. Silva K, Alves A, Correa M, Etges A, Vasconcelos A-C, Gomes A-P, Tarquinio S. Retrospective analysis of jaw biopsies in young adults. A study of 1599 cases in Southern Brazil. Medicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal. 2017;22(6):e702.
28. Monteiro L, Santiago C, Do Amaral B, Al-Mossallami A, Albuquerque R, Lopes C. An observational retrospective study of odontogenic cyst s and tumours over an 18-year period in a Portuguese population according to the new WHO Head and Neck Tumour classification. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia Bucal. 2021;26(4):e482.
29. Silva LP, Serpa MS, Sobral APV, Arruda JAA, Silva LVO, Noronha MS, et al. A retrospective multicentre study of cystic lesions and odontogenic tumours in older people. Gerodontology. 2018;35(4):325-32.
30. Dhanuthai K, Chiramanaphan K, Tevavichulada V, Tangwongwarachai S, Chantarangsu S. Intraosseous jaw lesions: A 25-year experience. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2022;26(4):595.
31. Araujo JP, Lemos CA, Miniello TG, Alves FA. The relevance of clinical and radiographic features of jaw lesions: A prospective study. Brazilian oral research. 2016;30:e96.
32. Dehghanzadeh A, Aminzadeh A, Khodarahmi MJ, Shafazand MH. Prevalence and Clinical Features of Biopsied Jaw Lesions in an Iranian Population Patient in During a Period of 7 Years. JIDS. 2022.
33. Tandon P, Shah S, Dadhich A, Saluja H, Chauhan H. Incidence and distribution of jaw pathologies among 0–15 years age group at a tertiary rural health-care center of Maharashtra: A retrospective study of 10 years. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2020;11(1):39-45.
34. Razavi SM, Ansari M, Khalesi S. A 25-year retrospective epidemiological study of intra-osseous lesions of jaw bones in Isfahan population, Iran. Journal of Oral Health and Oral Epidemiology. 2019;8(2):68-73.
35. Koseoglu BG, Atalay B, Erdem MA. Odontogenic cysts: a clinical study of 90 cases. J Oral Science. 2004;46(4):253-7.
36. Acikgoz A, Uzun-Bulut E, Ozden B, Gunduz K. Prevalence and distribution of odontogenic and nonodontogenic cysts in a Turkish population. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012;17(1):e108-15.
37. Tortorici S, Amodio E, Massenti MF, Buzzanca ML, Burruano F, Vitale F. Prevalence and distribution of odontogenic cysts in Sicily: 1986-2005. J Oral Sci. 2008;50(1):15-8.
38. Deyhimi P, Khalesi S, Arefkhani E. Comparative study of the prevalence of radicular cysts and periapical granulomas in young and elderly adult patients referred to Isfahan dental school. JDM. 2021;34:46-54.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 13, No 1 (Winter 2026) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Jaw; Odontogenic cyst; Bone lesions; Periapical granuloma; Radicular cyst. | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Mirkeshavarz M, Ghaderi M. The Frequency of Intraosseous Lesions of Jaws of Patients Referred to the Pathologic Centers of Zanjan from 2013 to 2024. J Craniomaxillofac Res. 2026;13(1):86-97.
