Evaluation of Antibiotic Prescription for Dental Implant Success: A Review
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Abstract
Introduction: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotics, particularly those administered preoperatively and postoperatively, in enhancing the success rates of dental implants. Additionally, it seeks to compare current opinions toward antibiotic usage in implant dentistry with documented outcomes of implant success, both with and without antibiotic intervention. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search using the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, incorporating studies published between 2010 and January 2023. Search terms included “dental implant,” “antibiotic,” “prophylaxis,” and “survey.” Data analysis and graphical representations were generated using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. Results: The findings indicate that 81.1% of surveyed dentists routinely prescribe antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing dental implant procedures, irrespective of health status. An additional 5.8% of practitioners tailored their antibiotic prescriptions based on modifiable factors. The initial database search yielded 220 relevant articles from Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, which were screened for alignment with the review objectives. Among antibiotics, penicillin and phenoxymethylpenicillin were identified as the preferred first-line medications. Conclusion: Cross-sectional surveys across various countries reveal a tendency among dentists to prescribe systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for dental implant surgeries without adhering strictly to evidence-based guidelines, often resulting in overprescription. This highlights a critical need for collaboration among dental educators and practitioners to align clinical practices with scientific evidence regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in implant dentistry. Keywords: Antibiotics; Dental implant; Systematic review; Meta-analysis.
1. Salam MA, Al-Amin MY, Salam MT, Pawar JS, Akhter N, Rabaan AA, et al., editors. Antimicrobial resistance: a growing serious threat for global public health. Healthcare; 2023: MDPI.
2. Bernabeu-Mira JC, Peñarrocha-Diago M, Peñarrocha-Oltra D. Prescription of antibiotic prophylaxis for dental implant surgery in healthy patients: a systematic review of survey-based studies. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;11:588333.
3. Momand P, Becktor JP, Naimi‐Akbar A, Tobin G, Götrick B. Effect of antibiotic prophylaxis in dental implant surgery: A multicenter placebo‐controlled double‐blinded randomized clinical trial. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 2022;24(1):116-24.
4. Clark D, Levin L. Dental implant management and maintenance: How to improve long-term implant success? Quintessence International. 2016;47(5).
5. Troiano G, Lo Russo L, Canullo L, Ciavarella D, Lo Muzio L, Laino L. Early and late implant failure of submerged versus non‐submerged implant healing: A systematic review, meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2018;45(5):613-23.
6. Tettamanti L, Andrisani C, Bassi MA, Vinci R, Silvestre-Rangil J, Tagliabue A. Immediate loading implants: review of the critical aspects. ORAL & implantology. 2017;10(2):129.
7. Mohajerani H, Poorian B, Dehghani N, Bemanali M. The Implant Stability Quotient and Randomized Clinical Trial for ISQ Value Change Pattern. Int J Rev Life Sci. 2015;5:469-79.
8. Buonavoglia A, Leone P, Solimando AG, Fasano R, Malerba E, Prete M, et al. Antibiotics or no antibiotics, that is the question: an update on efficient and effective use of antibiotics in dental practice. Antibiotics. 2021;10(5):550.
9. Singh Gill A, Morrissey H, Rahman A. A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating antibiotic prophylaxis in dental implants and extraction procedures. Medicina. 2018;54(6):95.
10. Oh S-L, Shiau HJ, Reynolds MA. Survival of dental implants at sites after implant failure: A systematic review. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2020;123(1):54-60.
11. Olsson Malm M. On dental implant failure and patient-related factors2021.
12. Marra F, George D, Chong M, Sutherland S, Patrick DM. Antibiotic prescribing by dentists has increased: Why? The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2016;147(5):320-7.
13. Caffrey AR, Babcock ZR, Lopes VV, Timbrook TT, LaPlante KL. Heterogeneity in the treatment of bloodstream infections identified from antibiotic exposure mapping. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. 2019;28(5):707-15.
14. Kim A, Abdelhay N, Levin L, Walters JD, Gibson MP. Antibiotic prophylaxis for implant placement: a systematic review of effects on reduction of implant failure. British dental journal. 2020;228(12):943-51.
15. Tan LW, Ng YE, Giok KC, Veettil SK, Menon RK. Comparative Efficacy of Different Amoxicillin Dosing Regimens in Preventing Early Implant Failure—A Systematic Review with Network Meta-Analysis. Antibiotics. 2023;12(3):512.
16. Aravena PC, Oyarzún CP, Arias MF, Monardes H, Jerez A, Benso B. Single-Dose Bioavailability for Prophylactic Coverage in Patients Undergoing Dental Implant Surgery. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2018;33(2).
17. Pourdanesh F, Dehghani N, Azarsina M, Malekhosein Z. Pattern of odontogenic infections at a tertiary hospital in tehran, iran: a 10-year retrospective study of 310 patients. Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran). 2013;10(4):319.
18. Correia F, Gouveia S, Felino AC, Costa AL, Almeida RF. Survival Rate of Dental Implants in Patients with History of Periodontal Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2017;32(4).
19. Graetz C, El-Sayed KF, Geiken A, Plaumann A, Sälzer S, Behrens E, et al. Effect of periodontitis history on implant success: a long-term evaluation during supportive periodontal therapy in a university setting. Clinical oral investigations. 2018;22:235-44.
20. Levin L, Ofec R, Grossmann Y, Anner R. Periodontal disease as a risk for dental implant failure over time: A long‐term historical cohort study. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2011;38(8):732-7.
21. Safii SH, Palmer RM, Wilson RF. Risk of implant failure and marginal bone loss in subjects with a history of periodontitis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Clinical implant dentistry and related research. 2010;12(3):165-74.
22. Cloitre A, Lesclous P, Trochu Q, Selton-Suty C, Boutoille D, Le Tourneau T, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis in patients with predisposing cardiac conditions: French cardiologists' implementation of current guidelines. International Journal of Cardiology. 2020;299:222-7.
23. Di Filippo S. Prophylaxis of infective endocarditis in patients with congenital heart disease in the context of recent modified guidelines. Archives of cardiovascular diseases. 2012;105(8-9):454-60.
24. Lindeboom J, Frenken J, Tuk J, Kroon F. A randomized prospective controlled trial of antibiotic prophylaxis in intraoral bone-grafting procedures: preoperative single-dose penicillin versus preoperative single-dose clindamycin. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2006;35(5):433-6.
25. Salgado-Peralvo A-O, Mateos-Moreno M-V, Velasco-Ortega E, Peña-Cardelles J-F, Kewalramani N. Preventive antibiotic therapy in bone augmentation procedures in oral implantology: A systematic review. Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2022;123(1):74-80.
26. Datta R, Grewal Y, Batth J, Singh A. Current trend of antimicrobial prescription for oral implant surgery among dentists in India. Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery. 2014;13:503-7.
27. Arteagoitia I, Rodríguez-Andrés C, Rodríguez-Sánchez F. Antibiotic prophylaxis habits in dental implant surgery among dentists in Spain. A cross-sectional survey. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. 2018;23(5):e608.
28. El-Kholey KE, Wali O, Elkomy A, Almozayen A. Pattern of antibiotic prescription for oral implant treatment among dentists in Saudi Arabia. Implant dentistry. 2018;27(3):317-23.
29. Marín A, Navarro P, Fuentes R. Use of different antibiotics protocols in implantologic surgery in the cities of antofagasta, concepción and temuco. Int J Odontostomatol. 2012;6:123-8.
30. Lollobrigida M, Pingitore G, Lamazza L, Mazzucchi G, Serafini G, De Biase A. Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection (SSI) in Oral Surgery: Survey among Italian Dentists. Antibiotics. 2021;10(8):949.
31. Aragoneses JM, Aragoneses J, Brugal VA, Algar J, Suarez A. Antimicrobial prescription habits of dentists performing dental implant treatments in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Antibiotics. 2020;9(7):376.
32. Salgado-Peralvo A-O, Garcia-Sanchez A, Kewalramani N, Barone A, Martínez-González J-M, Velasco-Ortega E, et al. Consensus Report on Preventive Antibiotic Therapy in Dental Implant Procedures: Summary of Recommendations from the Spanish Society of Implants. Antibiotics. 2022;11(5):655.
33. Khalil D, Hultin M, Andersson Fred L, Parkbring Olsson N, Lund B. Antibiotic prescription patterns among Swedish dentists working with dental implant surgery: adherence to recommendations. Clinical oral implants research. 2015;26(9):1064-9.
34. AbuKaraky AE, Afifeh KA, Khatib AA, Khdairi NO, Habarneh HM, Ahmad WK, et al. Antibiotics prescribing practices in oral implantology among jordanian dentists. A cross sectional, observational study. BMC research notes. 2011;4(1):1-8.
35. Marín Escobar A, Navarro Cáceres P, Fuentes R. Uso de diferentes protocolos antibióticos en cirugía implantológica en las ciudades de Antofagasta, Concepción y Temuco. International journal of odontostomatology. 2012;6(2):123-8.
36. Al‐Kattan R, Al‐Shibani N. Current trends in antibiotic prescription behavior among Saudi dentists performing implant surgery: a cross‐sectional observational study. Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry. 2019;10(2):e12383.
37. Camps-Font O, Figueiredo R, Valmaseda-Castellón E, Gay-Escoda C. Postoperative infections after dental implant placement: prevalence, clinical features, and treatment. Implant dentistry. 2015;24(6):713-9.
38. Camacho-Alonso F, Muñoz-Cámara D, Sánchez-Siles M. Attitudes of dental implantologists in Spain to prescribing antibiotics, analgesics and anti-inflammatories in healthy patients. Medicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal. 2019;24(6):e752.
39. Rodríguez Sánchez F, Arteagoitia I, Rodríguez Andrés C, Caiazzo A. Antibiotic prophylaxis habits in oral implant surgery among dentists in Italy: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19:1-9.
40. Rodríguez Sánchez F, Arteagoitia I, Rodríguez Andrés C, Bruers J. Antibiotic prophylaxis prescribing habits in oral implant surgery in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19(1):1-8.
41. Salgado-Peralvo AO, Kewalramani N, Pena-Cardelles JF, Mateos-Moreno MV, Monsalve-Guil L, Jimenez-Guerra A, et al. Preventive antibiotic prescribing habits among professionals dedicated to Oral Implantology: An observational study. Antibiotics. 2021;10(3):301.
42. Goff DA, Mangino JE, Trolli E, Scheetz R, Goff D, editors. Private practice dentists improve antibiotic use after dental antibiotic stewardship education from infectious diseases experts. Open Forum Infectious Diseases; 2022: Oxford University Press.
2. Bernabeu-Mira JC, Peñarrocha-Diago M, Peñarrocha-Oltra D. Prescription of antibiotic prophylaxis for dental implant surgery in healthy patients: a systematic review of survey-based studies. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;11:588333.
3. Momand P, Becktor JP, Naimi‐Akbar A, Tobin G, Götrick B. Effect of antibiotic prophylaxis in dental implant surgery: A multicenter placebo‐controlled double‐blinded randomized clinical trial. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. 2022;24(1):116-24.
4. Clark D, Levin L. Dental implant management and maintenance: How to improve long-term implant success? Quintessence International. 2016;47(5).
5. Troiano G, Lo Russo L, Canullo L, Ciavarella D, Lo Muzio L, Laino L. Early and late implant failure of submerged versus non‐submerged implant healing: A systematic review, meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2018;45(5):613-23.
6. Tettamanti L, Andrisani C, Bassi MA, Vinci R, Silvestre-Rangil J, Tagliabue A. Immediate loading implants: review of the critical aspects. ORAL & implantology. 2017;10(2):129.
7. Mohajerani H, Poorian B, Dehghani N, Bemanali M. The Implant Stability Quotient and Randomized Clinical Trial for ISQ Value Change Pattern. Int J Rev Life Sci. 2015;5:469-79.
8. Buonavoglia A, Leone P, Solimando AG, Fasano R, Malerba E, Prete M, et al. Antibiotics or no antibiotics, that is the question: an update on efficient and effective use of antibiotics in dental practice. Antibiotics. 2021;10(5):550.
9. Singh Gill A, Morrissey H, Rahman A. A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating antibiotic prophylaxis in dental implants and extraction procedures. Medicina. 2018;54(6):95.
10. Oh S-L, Shiau HJ, Reynolds MA. Survival of dental implants at sites after implant failure: A systematic review. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2020;123(1):54-60.
11. Olsson Malm M. On dental implant failure and patient-related factors2021.
12. Marra F, George D, Chong M, Sutherland S, Patrick DM. Antibiotic prescribing by dentists has increased: Why? The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2016;147(5):320-7.
13. Caffrey AR, Babcock ZR, Lopes VV, Timbrook TT, LaPlante KL. Heterogeneity in the treatment of bloodstream infections identified from antibiotic exposure mapping. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. 2019;28(5):707-15.
14. Kim A, Abdelhay N, Levin L, Walters JD, Gibson MP. Antibiotic prophylaxis for implant placement: a systematic review of effects on reduction of implant failure. British dental journal. 2020;228(12):943-51.
15. Tan LW, Ng YE, Giok KC, Veettil SK, Menon RK. Comparative Efficacy of Different Amoxicillin Dosing Regimens in Preventing Early Implant Failure—A Systematic Review with Network Meta-Analysis. Antibiotics. 2023;12(3):512.
16. Aravena PC, Oyarzún CP, Arias MF, Monardes H, Jerez A, Benso B. Single-Dose Bioavailability for Prophylactic Coverage in Patients Undergoing Dental Implant Surgery. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2018;33(2).
17. Pourdanesh F, Dehghani N, Azarsina M, Malekhosein Z. Pattern of odontogenic infections at a tertiary hospital in tehran, iran: a 10-year retrospective study of 310 patients. Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran). 2013;10(4):319.
18. Correia F, Gouveia S, Felino AC, Costa AL, Almeida RF. Survival Rate of Dental Implants in Patients with History of Periodontal Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study. International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2017;32(4).
19. Graetz C, El-Sayed KF, Geiken A, Plaumann A, Sälzer S, Behrens E, et al. Effect of periodontitis history on implant success: a long-term evaluation during supportive periodontal therapy in a university setting. Clinical oral investigations. 2018;22:235-44.
20. Levin L, Ofec R, Grossmann Y, Anner R. Periodontal disease as a risk for dental implant failure over time: A long‐term historical cohort study. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2011;38(8):732-7.
21. Safii SH, Palmer RM, Wilson RF. Risk of implant failure and marginal bone loss in subjects with a history of periodontitis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Clinical implant dentistry and related research. 2010;12(3):165-74.
22. Cloitre A, Lesclous P, Trochu Q, Selton-Suty C, Boutoille D, Le Tourneau T, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis of infective endocarditis in patients with predisposing cardiac conditions: French cardiologists' implementation of current guidelines. International Journal of Cardiology. 2020;299:222-7.
23. Di Filippo S. Prophylaxis of infective endocarditis in patients with congenital heart disease in the context of recent modified guidelines. Archives of cardiovascular diseases. 2012;105(8-9):454-60.
24. Lindeboom J, Frenken J, Tuk J, Kroon F. A randomized prospective controlled trial of antibiotic prophylaxis in intraoral bone-grafting procedures: preoperative single-dose penicillin versus preoperative single-dose clindamycin. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2006;35(5):433-6.
25. Salgado-Peralvo A-O, Mateos-Moreno M-V, Velasco-Ortega E, Peña-Cardelles J-F, Kewalramani N. Preventive antibiotic therapy in bone augmentation procedures in oral implantology: A systematic review. Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2022;123(1):74-80.
26. Datta R, Grewal Y, Batth J, Singh A. Current trend of antimicrobial prescription for oral implant surgery among dentists in India. Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery. 2014;13:503-7.
27. Arteagoitia I, Rodríguez-Andrés C, Rodríguez-Sánchez F. Antibiotic prophylaxis habits in dental implant surgery among dentists in Spain. A cross-sectional survey. Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. 2018;23(5):e608.
28. El-Kholey KE, Wali O, Elkomy A, Almozayen A. Pattern of antibiotic prescription for oral implant treatment among dentists in Saudi Arabia. Implant dentistry. 2018;27(3):317-23.
29. Marín A, Navarro P, Fuentes R. Use of different antibiotics protocols in implantologic surgery in the cities of antofagasta, concepción and temuco. Int J Odontostomatol. 2012;6:123-8.
30. Lollobrigida M, Pingitore G, Lamazza L, Mazzucchi G, Serafini G, De Biase A. Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection (SSI) in Oral Surgery: Survey among Italian Dentists. Antibiotics. 2021;10(8):949.
31. Aragoneses JM, Aragoneses J, Brugal VA, Algar J, Suarez A. Antimicrobial prescription habits of dentists performing dental implant treatments in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Antibiotics. 2020;9(7):376.
32. Salgado-Peralvo A-O, Garcia-Sanchez A, Kewalramani N, Barone A, Martínez-González J-M, Velasco-Ortega E, et al. Consensus Report on Preventive Antibiotic Therapy in Dental Implant Procedures: Summary of Recommendations from the Spanish Society of Implants. Antibiotics. 2022;11(5):655.
33. Khalil D, Hultin M, Andersson Fred L, Parkbring Olsson N, Lund B. Antibiotic prescription patterns among Swedish dentists working with dental implant surgery: adherence to recommendations. Clinical oral implants research. 2015;26(9):1064-9.
34. AbuKaraky AE, Afifeh KA, Khatib AA, Khdairi NO, Habarneh HM, Ahmad WK, et al. Antibiotics prescribing practices in oral implantology among jordanian dentists. A cross sectional, observational study. BMC research notes. 2011;4(1):1-8.
35. Marín Escobar A, Navarro Cáceres P, Fuentes R. Uso de diferentes protocolos antibióticos en cirugía implantológica en las ciudades de Antofagasta, Concepción y Temuco. International journal of odontostomatology. 2012;6(2):123-8.
36. Al‐Kattan R, Al‐Shibani N. Current trends in antibiotic prescription behavior among Saudi dentists performing implant surgery: a cross‐sectional observational study. Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry. 2019;10(2):e12383.
37. Camps-Font O, Figueiredo R, Valmaseda-Castellón E, Gay-Escoda C. Postoperative infections after dental implant placement: prevalence, clinical features, and treatment. Implant dentistry. 2015;24(6):713-9.
38. Camacho-Alonso F, Muñoz-Cámara D, Sánchez-Siles M. Attitudes of dental implantologists in Spain to prescribing antibiotics, analgesics and anti-inflammatories in healthy patients. Medicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal. 2019;24(6):e752.
39. Rodríguez Sánchez F, Arteagoitia I, Rodríguez Andrés C, Caiazzo A. Antibiotic prophylaxis habits in oral implant surgery among dentists in Italy: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19:1-9.
40. Rodríguez Sánchez F, Arteagoitia I, Rodríguez Andrés C, Bruers J. Antibiotic prophylaxis prescribing habits in oral implant surgery in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19(1):1-8.
41. Salgado-Peralvo AO, Kewalramani N, Pena-Cardelles JF, Mateos-Moreno MV, Monsalve-Guil L, Jimenez-Guerra A, et al. Preventive antibiotic prescribing habits among professionals dedicated to Oral Implantology: An observational study. Antibiotics. 2021;10(3):301.
42. Goff DA, Mangino JE, Trolli E, Scheetz R, Goff D, editors. Private practice dentists improve antibiotic use after dental antibiotic stewardship education from infectious diseases experts. Open Forum Infectious Diseases; 2022: Oxford University Press.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 12, No 2 (Spring 2025) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Antibiotics Dental implant Systematic review Meta-analysis | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Dehghani N, Azarsina M, Mahmoudi X. Evaluation of Antibiotic Prescription for Dental Implant Success: A Review. J Craniomaxillofac Res. 2025;12(2):70-78.
