Efficacy of SocketKAGETM and SocketKAPTM: A Review
Abstract
Introduction: This study aims to determine whether the application of SocketKAPTM (KAP) and SocketKAGETM (KAGE) in tooth extraction sockets can reduce alveolar ridge changes. Materials and Methods: An electronic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted up to September 2024. Screening and data extraction were performed independently by two researchers. Three randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. This systematic review was done according to the PRISMA 2020 guideline. Results: All studies showed that KAP alone and KAP+Anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) significantly decreased contour loss in human intact sockets compared with no intervention. KAP+ABBM significantly decreased alveolar bone volume loss in human intact sockets compared with no intervention. KAGE+KAP+ABBM significantly decreased contour loss and alveolar bone volume loss in human sockets with dehiscence compared with no intervention. Conclusion: The review suggests that KAP and KAGE may be beneficial in reducing alveolar ridge changes, but it is recommended that further studies be conducted to confirm the findings of the review and to determine whether KAP and KAGE are cost-effective interventions for reducing alveolar ridge changes. Keywords: Alveolar bone grafting; Alveolar process; Bonesubstitute; Tooth extraction; Tooth socket; Wound healing; KAGETM; KAPTM.
1. Lim HC, Seo S, Thoma DS, Park JC, Hong JY, Shin SY. Late implant placement following ridge preservation versus early implant placement: A pilot randomized clinical trial for periodontally compromised non‐molar extraction sites. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2020;47(2):247-56.
2. Bakhshalian N, Abdelhamid A, Park YJ, Zadeh HH. Histological and Histomorphometric Response to SocketKAP™ and SocketKAGE™ Used for Ridge Preservation and Repair: Results From a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2018;76(9):1884-92.
3. Balli G, Ioannou A, Powell CA, Angelov N, Romanos GE, Soldatos N. Ridge preservation procedures after tooth extractions: a systematic review. International Journal of Dentistry. 2018;2018.
4. De Angelis P, De Angelis S, Passarelli PC, Liguori MG, Manicone PF, D'Addona A. Hard and soft tissue evaluation of different socket preservation procedures using leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin: a retrospective clinical and volumetric analysis. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2019;77(9):1807-15.
5. Omran M, Min S, Abdelhamid A, Liu Y, Zadeh HH. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure: part‐2–CBCT 3D analysis in non‐human primate model. Clinical oral implants research. 2016;27(7):859-66.
6. Abdelhamid A, Omran M, Bakhshalian N, Tarnow D, Zadeh HH. An open randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate ridge preservation and repair using Socket KAP™ and Socket KAGE™: part 2–three‐dimensional alveolar bone volumetric analysis of CBCT imaging. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(6):631-9.
7. Jatana C, Jacobs T, Towning C, Guo X, Ni A, Towning L. The Addition of Platelet-Rich-Fibrin in Socket Preservation for Future Dental Implant Placement: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2019;77(9):e26.
8. Ryu KH, Min S, You HK, Sin YW, Lee W, Lee J, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure using S ocket KAP™: exploratory study of serial cone‐beam computed tomography and histologic analysis in canine model. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(9):1144-51.
9. Block MS. Does the Use of High-Temperature–Processed Xenografts for Ridge Augmentation Result in Ridge Width Stability Over Time? Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2020;78(10):1717-25.
10. Ouyyamwongs W, Leepong N, Suttapreyasri S. Alveolar ridge preservation using autologous demineralized tooth matrix and platelet-rich fibrin versus platelet-rich fibrin alone: a split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial. Implant Dentistry. 2019;28(5):455-62.
11. Serrano CA, Castellanos P, Botticelli D. Use of combination of allografts and xenografts for alveolar ridge preservation procedures: a clinical and histological case series. Implant Dentistry. 2018;27(4):467-73.
12. Zadeh HH, Abdelhamid A, Omran M, Bakhshalian N, Tarnow D. An open randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate ridge preservation and repair using Socket KAP™ and Socket KAGE™: part 1‐three‐dimensional volumetric soft tissue analysis of study casts. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(6):640-9.
13. Chang L-C. Comparison of clinical parameters in dental implant therapy between implant site development using porcine-and bovine-derived xenografts. Technologies. 2021;9(4):72.
14. Macedo RM, Lacerda SA, Okamoto R, Shahdad S, Brentegani LG. Vital bone formation after grafting of autogenous bone and biphasic calcium phosphate bioceramic in extraction sockets of rats: Histological, histometric, and immunohistochemical evaluation. Implant Dentistry. 2018;27(6):615-22.
15. Faciola Pessôa de Oliveira PG, Pedroso Bergamo ET, Bordin D, Arbex L, Konrad D, Gil LF, et al. Ridge Architecture Preservation Following Minimally Traumatic Exodontia Techniques and Guided Tissue Regeneration. Implant Dent. 2019;28(4):319-28.
16. Atieh MA, Alsabeeha NH, Payne AG, Ali S, Clovis Jr M, Esposito M. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021(4).
17. Jamjoom A, Cohen R. Grafts for ridge preservation. J Funct Biomater 6: 833–848. 2015.
18. Dowlatshahi S, Chen CY, Zigdon-Giladi H, Horwitz J, Ahn C, Kim DM, et al. Volumetric assessment of changes in the alveolar ridge dimension following guided bone regeneration using a combination freeze-dried bone allograft with collagen membrane or novel resorbable scaffold: A prospective two-center clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2022;93(3):343-53.
19. Lyu C, Shao Z, Zou D, Lu J. Ridge Alterations following Socket Preservation Using a Collagen Membrane in Dogs. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020:1487681.
20. Papi P, Di Murro B, Tromba M, Passarelli PC, D'Addona A, Pompa G. The Use of a Non-Absorbable Membrane as an Occlusive Barrier for Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A One Year Follow-Up Prospective Cohort Study. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(3).
21. Soldatos NK, Stylianou P, Koidou VP, Angelov N, Yukna R, Romanos GE. Limitations and options using resorbable versus nonresorbable membranes for successful guided bone regeneration. Quintessence Int. 2017;48(2):131-47.
22. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71.
23. Min S, Liu Y, Tang J, Xie Y, Xiong J, You HK, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure with novel devices: Part 1--CBCT linear analysis in non-human primate model. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(1):97-105.
24. Min S, Liu Y, Tang J, Xie Y, Xiong J, You HK, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure with novel devices: Part 1–CBCT linear analysis in non‐human primate model. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(1):97-105.
25. Su Y, Tang J, Min S, Guo L, Liu Y, Xie Y, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure with novel devices: part 3–histological analysis in non‐human primate model. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2017;28(11):e252-e61.
26. Zadeh HH, Abdelhamid A, Omran M, Bakhshalian N, Tarnow D. An open randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate ridge preservation and repair using SocketKAP(™) and SocketKAGE(™) : part 1-three-dimensional volumetric soft tissue analysis of study casts. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(6):640-9.
27. Abdelhamid A, Omran M, Bakhshalian N, Tarnow D, Zadeh HH. An open randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate ridge preservation and repair using SocketKAP(™) and SocketKAGE(™) : part 2 - three-dimensional alveolar bone volumetric analysis of CBCT imaging. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(6):631-9.
28. Soldatos NK, Stylianou P, Koidou VP, Angelov N, Yukna R, Romanos GE. Limitations and options using resorbable versus nonresorbable membranes for successful guided bone regeneration. Quintessence International. 2017;48(2).
29. Block MS. Does the Use of High-Temperature-Processed Xenografts for Ridge Augmentation Result in Ridge Width Stability Over Time? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;78(10):1717-25.
30. Bakhshalian N, Abdelhamid A, Park YJ, Zadeh HH. Histological and Histomorphometric Response to SocketKAP™ and SocketKAGE™ Used for Ridge Preservation and Repair: Results From a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018;76(9):1884-92.
31. Omran M, Min S, Abdelhamid A, Liu Y, Zadeh HH. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure: part-2 - CBCT 3D analysis in non-human primate model. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(7):859-66.
32. Ryu KH, Min S, You HK, Sin YW, Lee W, Lee J, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure using SocketKAP(™) : exploratory study of serial cone-beam computed tomography and histologic analysis in canine model. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(9):1144-51.
2. Bakhshalian N, Abdelhamid A, Park YJ, Zadeh HH. Histological and Histomorphometric Response to SocketKAP™ and SocketKAGE™ Used for Ridge Preservation and Repair: Results From a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2018;76(9):1884-92.
3. Balli G, Ioannou A, Powell CA, Angelov N, Romanos GE, Soldatos N. Ridge preservation procedures after tooth extractions: a systematic review. International Journal of Dentistry. 2018;2018.
4. De Angelis P, De Angelis S, Passarelli PC, Liguori MG, Manicone PF, D'Addona A. Hard and soft tissue evaluation of different socket preservation procedures using leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin: a retrospective clinical and volumetric analysis. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2019;77(9):1807-15.
5. Omran M, Min S, Abdelhamid A, Liu Y, Zadeh HH. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure: part‐2–CBCT 3D analysis in non‐human primate model. Clinical oral implants research. 2016;27(7):859-66.
6. Abdelhamid A, Omran M, Bakhshalian N, Tarnow D, Zadeh HH. An open randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate ridge preservation and repair using Socket KAP™ and Socket KAGE™: part 2–three‐dimensional alveolar bone volumetric analysis of CBCT imaging. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(6):631-9.
7. Jatana C, Jacobs T, Towning C, Guo X, Ni A, Towning L. The Addition of Platelet-Rich-Fibrin in Socket Preservation for Future Dental Implant Placement: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2019;77(9):e26.
8. Ryu KH, Min S, You HK, Sin YW, Lee W, Lee J, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure using S ocket KAP™: exploratory study of serial cone‐beam computed tomography and histologic analysis in canine model. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(9):1144-51.
9. Block MS. Does the Use of High-Temperature–Processed Xenografts for Ridge Augmentation Result in Ridge Width Stability Over Time? Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2020;78(10):1717-25.
10. Ouyyamwongs W, Leepong N, Suttapreyasri S. Alveolar ridge preservation using autologous demineralized tooth matrix and platelet-rich fibrin versus platelet-rich fibrin alone: a split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial. Implant Dentistry. 2019;28(5):455-62.
11. Serrano CA, Castellanos P, Botticelli D. Use of combination of allografts and xenografts for alveolar ridge preservation procedures: a clinical and histological case series. Implant Dentistry. 2018;27(4):467-73.
12. Zadeh HH, Abdelhamid A, Omran M, Bakhshalian N, Tarnow D. An open randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate ridge preservation and repair using Socket KAP™ and Socket KAGE™: part 1‐three‐dimensional volumetric soft tissue analysis of study casts. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(6):640-9.
13. Chang L-C. Comparison of clinical parameters in dental implant therapy between implant site development using porcine-and bovine-derived xenografts. Technologies. 2021;9(4):72.
14. Macedo RM, Lacerda SA, Okamoto R, Shahdad S, Brentegani LG. Vital bone formation after grafting of autogenous bone and biphasic calcium phosphate bioceramic in extraction sockets of rats: Histological, histometric, and immunohistochemical evaluation. Implant Dentistry. 2018;27(6):615-22.
15. Faciola Pessôa de Oliveira PG, Pedroso Bergamo ET, Bordin D, Arbex L, Konrad D, Gil LF, et al. Ridge Architecture Preservation Following Minimally Traumatic Exodontia Techniques and Guided Tissue Regeneration. Implant Dent. 2019;28(4):319-28.
16. Atieh MA, Alsabeeha NH, Payne AG, Ali S, Clovis Jr M, Esposito M. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: alveolar ridge preservation techniques for dental implant site development. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021(4).
17. Jamjoom A, Cohen R. Grafts for ridge preservation. J Funct Biomater 6: 833–848. 2015.
18. Dowlatshahi S, Chen CY, Zigdon-Giladi H, Horwitz J, Ahn C, Kim DM, et al. Volumetric assessment of changes in the alveolar ridge dimension following guided bone regeneration using a combination freeze-dried bone allograft with collagen membrane or novel resorbable scaffold: A prospective two-center clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2022;93(3):343-53.
19. Lyu C, Shao Z, Zou D, Lu J. Ridge Alterations following Socket Preservation Using a Collagen Membrane in Dogs. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020:1487681.
20. Papi P, Di Murro B, Tromba M, Passarelli PC, D'Addona A, Pompa G. The Use of a Non-Absorbable Membrane as an Occlusive Barrier for Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A One Year Follow-Up Prospective Cohort Study. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(3).
21. Soldatos NK, Stylianou P, Koidou VP, Angelov N, Yukna R, Romanos GE. Limitations and options using resorbable versus nonresorbable membranes for successful guided bone regeneration. Quintessence Int. 2017;48(2):131-47.
22. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71.
23. Min S, Liu Y, Tang J, Xie Y, Xiong J, You HK, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure with novel devices: Part 1--CBCT linear analysis in non-human primate model. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(1):97-105.
24. Min S, Liu Y, Tang J, Xie Y, Xiong J, You HK, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure with novel devices: Part 1–CBCT linear analysis in non‐human primate model. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2016;27(1):97-105.
25. Su Y, Tang J, Min S, Guo L, Liu Y, Xie Y, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure with novel devices: part 3–histological analysis in non‐human primate model. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2017;28(11):e252-e61.
26. Zadeh HH, Abdelhamid A, Omran M, Bakhshalian N, Tarnow D. An open randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate ridge preservation and repair using SocketKAP(™) and SocketKAGE(™) : part 1-three-dimensional volumetric soft tissue analysis of study casts. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(6):640-9.
27. Abdelhamid A, Omran M, Bakhshalian N, Tarnow D, Zadeh HH. An open randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate ridge preservation and repair using SocketKAP(™) and SocketKAGE(™) : part 2 - three-dimensional alveolar bone volumetric analysis of CBCT imaging. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(6):631-9.
28. Soldatos NK, Stylianou P, Koidou VP, Angelov N, Yukna R, Romanos GE. Limitations and options using resorbable versus nonresorbable membranes for successful guided bone regeneration. Quintessence International. 2017;48(2).
29. Block MS. Does the Use of High-Temperature-Processed Xenografts for Ridge Augmentation Result in Ridge Width Stability Over Time? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;78(10):1717-25.
30. Bakhshalian N, Abdelhamid A, Park YJ, Zadeh HH. Histological and Histomorphometric Response to SocketKAP™ and SocketKAGE™ Used for Ridge Preservation and Repair: Results From a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018;76(9):1884-92.
31. Omran M, Min S, Abdelhamid A, Liu Y, Zadeh HH. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure: part-2 - CBCT 3D analysis in non-human primate model. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(7):859-66.
32. Ryu KH, Min S, You HK, Sin YW, Lee W, Lee J, et al. Alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation procedure using SocketKAP(™) : exploratory study of serial cone-beam computed tomography and histologic analysis in canine model. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27(9):1144-51.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 12, No 3 (Summer 2025) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Alveolar bone grafting; Alveolar process; Bonesubstitute; Tooth extraction; Tooth socket; Wound healing; KAGETM; KAPTM. | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Salmani Z, Abedini F, Chokami Rafiei S. Efficacy of SocketKAGETM and SocketKAPTM: A Review. J Craniomaxillofac Res. 2025;12(3):134-147.
