Introduction: Loss of tissue and dysfunction of body organs due to injuries and diseases have caused serious health problems despite the vast advances in Medicien. Bone repair through tissue engineering is one of the most important areas of attention for specialists in a wide range of departments, including orthopedics and maxillofacial surgeries. Materials and Methods: This case-series describes efficient clinical applications of adipose-derived stem cells (AdSCs) in combination with conventional guided bone regeneration as protected healing space for reconstruction of large alveolar defects after hemi-mandibulectomy. Results: As the result, this approach represented a considerable amount of three-dimensional bone formation in presented cases. Regenerating this amount of resected bone tissue rehabilitates the patients and gives clinicians a sufficient amount of bone and opportunity to insert dental implants to retrieve patients’ function and aesthetic. Conclusion: The application of AdSCs can be considered as an efficient treatment for bone regeneration in large alveolar bone defects. Keywords: Alveolar bone reconstruction; Mesenchymal stem cell; Adipose-derived stem cells; Natural bovine bone mineral.

Introduction: The current study is aimed at investigating the epidemiology of zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture in oral and maxillofacial trauma patients in a trauma hospital. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study with 187 patients was conducted at Khatam al-Anbia Hospital in Zahedan from April 2018 to December 2021. All the data including etiology, gender, age, ethnicity, year and place of occurrence, and site of fracture were obtained from the medical records of all oral and maxillofacial trauma patients who were subjected to ZMC fracture. Chi-Square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Mean age of the patients was 29.53±14.13 years. Out of 187 patients, 87.2% (163 people) were male and 12.8% (24 people) were female. People between 20 and 40 years had more ZMC fractures than other age groups with 104 cases (55.7%). Baluch ethnic group with 111 people (59.3%) experienced more fractures than other ethnic groups. The highest fracture rate occurred in 2021 with 63 cases (33.7%). Street was the most prevalent place of occurrence for fractures with 134 cases (71.6%). Isolated cheek fracture was the most common with 95 cases (51%). The most common cause of fracture was traffic accidents with a prevalence of 71.1%. Conclusion: The results revealed that traffic accident is the main cause of ZMC fractures in the studied population. Thus, public awareness and strict implementation of traffic policies are needed. Keywords: Epidemiology; Fractures; Maxillofacial trauma; Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures.

Introduction: The effectiveness of two soft and hard splint thicknesses in reducing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and dysfunction was compared. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients with TMJ pain and dysfunction were randomly assigned to four groups (n=15); the patients treated with hard occlusal splints of 1 and 3mm thicknesses were assigned to Groups A and B, respectively, and those treated with soft occlusal splints of 1 and 3mm thicknesses were assigned to Groups C and D, respectively. Maximum mouth opening (MMO) and the severity of pain based on the visual analog scale (VAS) were assessed before treatment and after 7, 30 and 90 days. Results: After both 7 and 30 days, no significant differences were found between the groups for any variable (P>0.05). However, Group C had a significantly lower MMO compared to Groups A and B after 90 days (P=0.001). Additionally, and in relation to masticatory muscle pain, Group C had a significantly higher VAS score than other groups (P<0.05). The VAS score for TMJ pain at rest was also significantly higher in Group C compared to Groups A and B (P<0.05). Conclusion: A 3-mm hard occlusal splint seems to be the best treatment to reduce pain and dysfunction of the TMJ. Keywords: Temporomandibular disorders; Soft and hard occlusal splints; Pain; Dysfunction.

Introduction: Orthodontics is a significant part of general dentistry education. Yet, many general dentistry graduates seldom practice orthodontics. This study assesses the desire of last-year dental students at Shahid Beheshti Dental School towards orthodontic treatments in their future career. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was validated by ten dental specialists. For reliability, it was re-administered to ten students after ten days. Descriptive statistics were used for results presentation. The Mann-Whitney test compared ranked responses, and the Kruskal-Wallis test compared grade point average (GPA) variations. The comparison of mean opinions based on age, gender, and academic term was conducted with the t-test independent samples and based on GPA status with a one-way ANOVA. Analyses were done using SPSS 25, with a significance level of 0.05. Results: In this study, 58 last-year students were questioned in line with the research objectives. More than half of the students believe that the hours dedicated to teaching orthodontic courses at university are insufficient (65%), the quality of theoretical teaching is low (55%), practical teaching hours and presence in the department are inadequate (48%). Only 15 percent of students declared they have the necessary confidence to diagnose and conduct orthodontic treatments after graduation. About half of the students express an interest in attending supplementary orthodontics courses after graduation (39%). Conclusion: According to approximately half of the students’ opinions, the quality of teaching theoretical and conceptual orthodontics courses is low. Additionally, students lack the necessary confidence and desire to diagnose, plan, and perform treatments after graduation. Keywords: Dental education; General dentistry; Orthodontics; Orthodontics education. 

Sagittal split ramus osteotomy is one of the most efficient steotomy techniques for orthognathic surgery. This technical note presents a new technique of mandibular osteotomy to prevent bony interferences with simultaneous maxillary impctions. As well as increase in bone contact for great mandibular advancements which results in better bone healing. furthermore, Fixation of bony segments in this area is far from third molar alveolar socket if extraction is done and is not involved in the process. Keywords: Orthognathic surgery; Mandible; Osteotomy; Maxilla; Impaction.

Maxillary sinus lift is a common procedure to achieve adequate alveolar bone height in patients with sinus hyper-pneumatization. Simultaneous implant placement with sinus floor augmentations is possible when appropriate primary stability could be achieved. In severe atrophic posterior maxillary ridge, vertical bone height is sometimes less than 4mm, which may hinder simultaneous implant placements and necessitate two stage procedure. In current study, a novel technique is described to perform a single stage implant placement with bicortical stability in severe atrophic maxilla that can shorten the treatment time of an edentulous patient. During the procedure, to achieve an adequate access a conventional lateral window osteotomy is performed. After elevating the Schneiderian membrane using conventional instruments, an autologous ramus block is harvested from the mandible and then the block will be fixed in correct location in the sinus using  screws withb appropriate length to build sufficient stability as superior cortex for simultaneous implant insertion. Keywords: Bone graft; Sinus lift; Immediate placement.